Investigation into Out-of-Plane Deformation and Crack Morphology of Laminated Glass at Full Fracture

Abstract

The performance of fully fractured laminated glass (LG) exhibits severe degradation compared with intact and partially fractured ones. This paper investigated two explicit and important outcomes during full fracture of LG, including the out-of-plane deformation and crack morphology. The identification of the initial state of fully fractured LG facilitates its performance evaluation. The fragmentation test was conducted considering three interlayers (ionomer (SG), modified ethylene-vinyl acetate (PVE®), and PVE/polycarbonate/PVE (SGE®)) and three temperatures (20, 50, and 80℃). The results reveal that the out-of-plane deformation of partially fractured LG decreases when the remaining one intact glass ply fractures. Besides, the fully fractured LG with composite interlayers presents a higher load-bearing capacity than that with single interlayers. Moreover, the out-of-plane deformation in partially fractured LG leads to denser fragments in the later-fractured glass ply compared with the earlier-fractured glass ply. However, the improving effect weakens/disappears at 80℃, as high temperatures result in degraded interlayer stiffness and interlayer/glass interfaces. Furthermore, the minimum nearest neighbor distance of fragments in the later-fractured glass ply increases compared with that in the earlier-fractured glass ply for most tested cases. This means that the fragments in the later-fractured glass ply are more uniform.