Maximizing the Twist of Cold Formed Glazing

Abstract

Enclos is conducting ongoing research into cold formed (elastically deformed) glazing.  This paper expands on previous finite element modeling and physical testing undertaken.  The research aims to develop an understanding of surface buckling of perimeter-supported, monolithic glass that has been elastically deformed in torsion.  By extension of previous research, strategies are found to maximize the achievable twist of the glass as limited by strength or stability.  This paper includes a detailed investigation of these strategies, incorporating results from finite element models and data from physical testing.  The magnitude of twist achieved by elastic deformation of flat glass can be maximized primarily by reducing the short dimension of glass while also reducing the thickness.   The thickness of the glass plays a secondary role in optimizing the magnitude of twist achievable.  If the lite is too thin, buckling will govern.  If it is too thick, stresses due to the elastic deformation during the cold forming process will govern.  A set of plots based on the research also helps convey the relationship between thickness, short dimension, aspect ratio, and achievable twist magnitude.